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"Which Came First, the Flower or the Seed?"
Eighth Grade Arizona Academic Standards Addressed:

Science Strand 1: Inquiry Process
Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Scientific Testing PO 4 - Perform measurements using appropriate scientific tools
PO 5 - Keep a record of observations, notes, sketches, questions, and ideas using tools such as written and/or computer logs
C3 - Analysis and Conclusions PO 2 - Form a logical argument about a correlation between variables or sequence of events (e.g., construct a cause-and-effect chain that explains a sequence of events)
PO 8 - Formulate new questions based on the results of a previous investigation
C4 - Communication PO 1 - Communicate the results of an investigation
 
Science Strand 2: History and Nature of Science
Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Nature of Scientific Knowledge PO 1 - Apply the following scientific processes to other problem solving or decision making situations
PO 3 - Defend the principle that accurate record keeping, openness, and replication are essential for maintaining an investigator’s credibility with other scientists and society
PO 4 - Explain why scientific claims may be questionable if based on very small samples of data, biased samples, or samples for which there was no control

Science Strand 3: Science in Personal and Social Perspectives

Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Science and Technology in Society PO 4 - Compare risks and benefits of the following technological advances:  genetic engineering

Science Strand 4: Life Science
Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Reproduction and Heredity PO 2 - Explain the basic principles of heredity using the human examples of: eye color, widow’s peak
PO 3 - Distinguish between the nature of dominant and recessive traits in humans
C4 - Diversity, Adaptation and Behavior PO 1 - Explain how an organism’s behavior allows it to survive in an environment
PO 2 - Describe how an organism can maintain a stable internal environment while living in a constantly changing external environment
PO 3 - Determine characteristics of organisms that could change over several generations
PO 4 - Compare the symbiotic and competitive relationships in organisms within an ecosystem (e.g., lichen, mistletoe/tree, clownfish/sea anemone, native/non-native species)
PO 5 - Analyze the following behavioral cycles of organisms:  dormancy (plants)
PO 6 - Describe the following factors that allow for the survival of living organisms:  beak design, seed dispersal, pollination

Math Strand 1: Number Sense and Operations
Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Numerical Operations PO 9 - Calculate the missing value in percentage problem

Math Strand 2: Data Analysis, Probability, and Discrete Mathematics
Concept
Performance Objective
C2 - Probability PO 1 - Determine the probability that a specific event will occur in a 2-stage probability experiment
PO 3 - Predict the outcome of a grade-level appropriate probability experiment
PO 4 - Record the data from performing a grade-level appropriate probability experiment